Nephrology Objective Type Questions And Answers

6- Autosomal recessive conditions include:
1) Vitamin D resistant rickets
2) Huntingdon's chorea
3) Wilson's disease
4) Manic depression
5) Turner's syndrome
Answers-3

7- A 44-year-old woman with type 1 diabetes mellitus has not attended the diabetic clinic for 5 years. Her HbA1c is 10.1%. Examination shows no abnormalities. Her hemoglobin level is 9 g/dL, hematocrit is 28%, and mean corpuscular volume is 94 mcm3. A blood smear shows normochromic, normocytic anaemia. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
1) acute blood loss
2) chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
3) erythropoietin deficiency
4) microangiopathic haemolysis
5) sideroblastic anaemia
Answers-3

8- A 60-year-old woman is admitted with sudden onset of chest pain and is diagnosed with an acute myocardial infarction. Her acute illness is complicated by low blood pressure and poor tissue perfusion for several days. Her serum lactate becomes elevated. Her serum urea and creatinine are noted to be increasing.
Day 1 Day 2 Day 3
urea (mmol/L) 8 22 30
creatinine (µmol/L) 116 140 200
Granular and hyaline casts are present on microscopic urinalysis. The renal lesion that is most likely to be present in this situation is?
1) Acute tubular necrosis
2) Minimal change disease
3) Nodular glomeruloscerosis
4) Pyelonephritis
5) Renal vein thrombosis
Answers-1

9- A 25-year-old man developed bilateral loin pain and frank hematuria. His symptoms had started 24 hours after developing a sore throat. His blood pressure was 138/88 mmHg. Urinalysis was positive for blood (4+) and protein (2+).
What is the most likely diagnosis?
1) IgA nephropathy
2) microscopic polyangiitis
3) nephrolithiasis
4) post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
5) septicaemia
Answers-1

10- Which of the following concerning renal blood flow is true?
1) is 40% of the cardiac output at rest
2) can be measured using the Fick principle
3) is higher in the medulla than the cortex
4) is increased when renal nerves are stimulated
5) is decreased in response to hypoxia
Answers-2

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44 Top Nephrology Objective Type Questions And Answers

1- A 25-year-old man developed bilateral loin pain and frank haematuria. His symptoms had started 24 hours after developing a sore throat. His blood pressure was 138/88 mmHg. Urinalysis was positive for blood (4+) and protein (2+). What is the most likely diagnosis?
1) IgA nephropathy
2) microscopic polyangiitis
3) nephrolithiasis
4) post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
5) septicaemia
Answers-1

2- A 70 year old female is admitted 12 hours after taking an overdose of aspirin. Investigations revealed: Serum sodium 138 mmol/L (137-144), Serum potassium 5.9 mmol/L (3.5-4.9), Serum bicarbonate 14 mmol/L (20-28), Serum urea 18.1 mmol/L (2.5-7.5), Serum creatinine 238 umol/L (60-110), Serum salicylate 1120 mg/L (8 mmol/L). What is the most appropriate treatment of this patient?
1) Haemodialysis
2) Haemofiltration
3) Intravenous sodium bicarbonate.
4) Peritoneal dialysis.
5) Urine alkalinization.
Answers-1

3- Which of the following is associated with Hyperuricaemia?
1) is usually due to an excess purine consumption
2) occurs in association with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
3) in primary gout is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner
4) can be reduced with low dose aspirin therapy
5) can be treated with uricosuric drugs even in renal failure
Answers-2

4- A 67 year old man presents with sudden onset atrial fibrillation (ventricular rate of 150/minute). His serum creatinine concentration was 250 umol/L (70-110).
What is the main factor that determines the choice of loading dose of digoxin in this patient?
1) Absorption
2) Apparent volume of distribution
3) Lipid solubility
4) Plasma half-life
5) Renal clearance
Answers-5

5- The following are complications of nephrotic syndrome with the exception of
1) acute renal failure
2) accelerated hypertension
3) hypocalcaemia
4) pneumococcal infection
5) venous thrombosis
Answers-2


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