106. Which is not a risk factor for hyperphosphatemia and death from sodium phosphate enemas when used in children?
(a) Renal insufficiency
(b) Hirschsprung’s disease
(c) Anorectal malformations
(d) Children between the ages of 6 and 12 years
Ans: D
107. Which of the following factors is associated with an increased risk of noncompliance in the elderly?
(a) Polypharmacy
(b) Hypertension
(c) Male gender
(d) Living with a spouse in an isolated environment
(e) Expensive medications
Ans: A
108. The principal difference between competitive and non-competitive inhibition is
(a) Extent of receptor site blocking
(b) Whether inhibition occurs
(c) Extent of enzyme inhibition
(d) Degree of agonism
(e) None of the above
Ans: C
109. Drug administrated through which of the following routes is mot likely to be subjected to first-pass metabolism:
(a) Oral
(b) Sublingual
(c) Subcutaneous
(d) Rectal
Ans: A
110. Many receptors use distinct hetero _________ GTPä-binding regulatory proteins
(a) Tetrameric
(b) Trimeric
(c) Dimeric
(d) Monomeric
Ans: B
111. Alkalinization of urine hastens the excretion of
(a) Weakly basic drugs
(b) Weakly acidic drugs
(c) Strong electrolytes
(d) Nonpolar drugs
Ans: B
112. Majority of drugs cross biological membranes primarily by
(a) Weakly basic drugs
(b) Weakly acidic drugs
(c) Strong electrolytes
(d) Nonpolar drugs
Ans: A
113. The most important factor which governs diffusion of drugs across capillaries other than those in the brain is
(a) Blood flow through the capillary
(b) Lipid solubility of the drug
(c) pKa value of the drug
(d) pH of the medium
Ans: A
114. Active transport of a substance across biological membrane has the following characteristics except
(a) It is specific
(b) It is pH dependent
(c) It is saturable
(d) It requires metabolic energy
Ans: B
115. Bioavailability differences among oral formulations of a drug are most likely to occur if the drug
(a) Is freely water soluble
(b) Is completely absorbed
(c) Is incompletely absorbed
(d) Undergoes little first-pass metabolism
Ans: C
116. Bioavailability of drug refers to
(a) Perecentage of administered dose that reaches systemic circulation in the unchanged form
(b) Rario of oral to parental dose
(c) Ratio of orally administered drug to that excreted in the faeces
(d) Ratio of drug excreted unchanged in urine to that excreted as metabolites
Ans: A
117. The most important factor governing absorption of a drug from intact skin is
(a) Molecular weight of the drug
(b) Site of application
(c) Lipid solubility of the drug
(d) Nature of the base used in the formulation
Ans: C
118. Redistribution is a feature of
(a) Highly plasma protein bound drugs
(b) Depot preparations
(c) Poorly lipid soluble drugs
(d) Highly lipid soluble drugs
Ans: D
119. Weakly acidic drugs
(a) Are bound primarily to a1 acid glycoprotein in plasma
(b) Are excreted faster in alkaline urine
(c) Are highly ionized in the gastric juice
(d) Do not cross blood—brain barrier
Ans: B
120. High plasma protein binding
(a) Increases the volume of distribution of the drug
(b) Facilitates glomerular filtrtion of the drug
(c) Minimizes drug interactions
(d) Generally makes the drug long acting
Ans: D
(a) Renal insufficiency
(b) Hirschsprung’s disease
(c) Anorectal malformations
(d) Children between the ages of 6 and 12 years
Ans: D
107. Which of the following factors is associated with an increased risk of noncompliance in the elderly?
(a) Polypharmacy
(b) Hypertension
(c) Male gender
(d) Living with a spouse in an isolated environment
(e) Expensive medications
Ans: A
108. The principal difference between competitive and non-competitive inhibition is
(a) Extent of receptor site blocking
(b) Whether inhibition occurs
(c) Extent of enzyme inhibition
(d) Degree of agonism
(e) None of the above
Ans: C
109. Drug administrated through which of the following routes is mot likely to be subjected to first-pass metabolism:
(a) Oral
(b) Sublingual
(c) Subcutaneous
(d) Rectal
Ans: A
110. Many receptors use distinct hetero _________ GTPä-binding regulatory proteins
(a) Tetrameric
(b) Trimeric
(c) Dimeric
(d) Monomeric
Ans: B
111. Alkalinization of urine hastens the excretion of
(a) Weakly basic drugs
(b) Weakly acidic drugs
(c) Strong electrolytes
(d) Nonpolar drugs
Ans: B
112. Majority of drugs cross biological membranes primarily by
(a) Weakly basic drugs
(b) Weakly acidic drugs
(c) Strong electrolytes
(d) Nonpolar drugs
Ans: A
113. The most important factor which governs diffusion of drugs across capillaries other than those in the brain is
(a) Blood flow through the capillary
(b) Lipid solubility of the drug
(c) pKa value of the drug
(d) pH of the medium
Ans: A
114. Active transport of a substance across biological membrane has the following characteristics except
(a) It is specific
(b) It is pH dependent
(c) It is saturable
(d) It requires metabolic energy
Ans: B
115. Bioavailability differences among oral formulations of a drug are most likely to occur if the drug
(a) Is freely water soluble
(b) Is completely absorbed
(c) Is incompletely absorbed
(d) Undergoes little first-pass metabolism
Ans: C
116. Bioavailability of drug refers to
(a) Perecentage of administered dose that reaches systemic circulation in the unchanged form
(b) Rario of oral to parental dose
(c) Ratio of orally administered drug to that excreted in the faeces
(d) Ratio of drug excreted unchanged in urine to that excreted as metabolites
Ans: A
117. The most important factor governing absorption of a drug from intact skin is
(a) Molecular weight of the drug
(b) Site of application
(c) Lipid solubility of the drug
(d) Nature of the base used in the formulation
Ans: C
118. Redistribution is a feature of
(a) Highly plasma protein bound drugs
(b) Depot preparations
(c) Poorly lipid soluble drugs
(d) Highly lipid soluble drugs
Ans: D
119. Weakly acidic drugs
(a) Are bound primarily to a1 acid glycoprotein in plasma
(b) Are excreted faster in alkaline urine
(c) Are highly ionized in the gastric juice
(d) Do not cross blood—brain barrier
Ans: B
120. High plasma protein binding
(a) Increases the volume of distribution of the drug
(b) Facilitates glomerular filtrtion of the drug
(c) Minimizes drug interactions
(d) Generally makes the drug long acting
Ans: D
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